Post was not sent - check your email addresses! The “Tunnel Rats” as they would come to known, had their work cut out for them. Lengths of synthetic cord have been machine sewn to the both the straps and the haversack along the joins as a means of reinforcement. Photograph: Alexander Hugh ‘Sandy’ MacGregor. For the next 10 years members were rotated through the team for a 12-month tour of duty. Australian War Memorial Collection Accession Number: P01595.071, Australian visitor ‘Safaribob’ poses with some well dressed Viet Cong cadres on display at the Cu Chi Tunnels tourist park. During the Vietnam War, the U.S. Army used a personnel rotation policy that at first blush defies military logic. The Cao Daists provided the basis for the ‘Third Force’ in Graham Greene’s classic novel, “The Quiet American” and by 1956 boasted an army of about 20 000 troops. HQ 2 Company Ordnance Depot (Type A) 1 U.S. troop strength in Vietnam dropped to 136,500 by 31 January 1972, to 119,600 by 29 February, and then to 95,500 by the end of March. Dawn patrols and downtime in America's ugliest war: One veteran's forgotten photos of We seek to educate future Americans to fully appreciate the sacrifices that generations of American Soldiers have made to safeguard the freedoms of this Nation. After 5 months in the field, I was pulled to the 93rd Evac at Long Binh to work with soldiers suffering from combat fatigue. People Honours and Awards (1) Roll of Honour (1) Collections Digitised Collection (1) Heraldry (9) Share this page The best time to visit is just before the midday prayers (held every day except during Tet) and then head on to the tunnels as the second stage of a full day trip. For the American troops stationed in Vietnam during the war, it was a little different than today. We pay our respects to elders past and present. Photo: Julian Tennant, Clergy entering the Cao Đài Holy See at Tây Ninh. The U.S. also attempted to consolidate its ground operations more efficiently. Photo: Julian Tennant, Ordnance recovered from the Cu Chi area on display at the Cu Chi Tunnels tourist park. The Republic of Korea joined the Vietnam war in 1964 as part of the coalition forces. expected to aid troop unit commanders and personnel engaged in research and development in this field. Both tunnel sites offer a somewhat sanitised experience, allowing visitors to crawl around a ‘tourist friendly’ modified section of tunnel, check out displays depicting life for the occupants, boobytraps, weapons, equipment and be subjected to the usual pro-communist version of events. ... sound bytes of provocative imagery the sensationalism quickly coalesces in to individual narratives of soldiers in the field. It was first developed by the Viet Minh in their fight against the French and in 1947 only 47 kilometers of tunnels existed, but with the formation of the Viet Cong the system expanded. However, by 1968 infantry reconnaissance in force operations in Vietnam were usually of at least 28 days duration with the troops being resupplied in the field. Photo: Julian Tennant, Tay Ninh, 96km northwest of Ho Chi Minh City is home to the “Holy See” of the once powerful Cao Dai religious sect. During the last week of December 1971 U.S. Air Force and Navy planes carried out 1,000 strikes on North Vietnam, the heaviest U.S. air attacks since November 1968. The facts show otherwise . As late as 1970, more than a year into troop withdrawals from Vietnam, the U.S. Army was still planning to build two 474-seat movie theaters, additional handball courts, two in-ground swimming pools with bathhouses, and a recreational lake. Photograph: Michael Shannon. The yellow, blue and red stripes on his armband are the colours of the Cao Đài. The men of the 3 Field Force, an Australian combat engineering unit that served in Vietnam from 1965-1966, have made a convincing argument that they were the first allied troops to enter the tunnels. It wasn’t until 1985 and the Cao Dai had been thoroughly pacified were they allowed to once again take control of their ‘Holy See’ and some 400 temples across Vietnam. The title '2nd Cavalry Regiment' appeared as early as November 1966. As soon as 1RAR hit the LZ they came under fire from snipers hidden in underground firing positions, trenches and tunnels. However, Operation CRIMP had uncovered a massive amount of equipment and intelligence information and as a result, American units throughout Vietnam received orders to clear tunnels before destroying them. 320,000 ROK soldiers eventually saw combat in Vietnam with a total of around 16,000 casualties. This can be done by bus or private taxi/driver, which is easily arranged and allows more flexibility with stops and timings. Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps. While the U.S. troop level did not exceed 550,000 in South Vietnam, because of the one-year tour of duty some 3 million American military personnel served there in the course of the Second ... experts who considered the force the U.S. had in Vietnam in 1967 to have been the best American army ever put into the field. The operation took its toll on many of the sappers as George Wilson recalls in Gary McKay’s book,  Bullets, Beans & Bandages. The first was to investigate the tunnels as fully as possible to discover what they were being used for. Collection: Julian Tennant, _____________________________________________________, Note that this site has NEW content posted every Sunday! The Association was formed for all who served with one of the RAE Field Troops in Vietnam. North Vietnam released three American prisoners of war, among them was U.S. Navy seaman Douglas Hegdahl who had memorized the names of other prisoners. Photo: Julian Tennant, The Cao Đài Holy See at Tây Ninh. Photographer: Unknown, Corporal Lex McAulay, of 1st Battalion, The Royal Australian Regiment (1RAR), holds the hand of an old man as he leads him to safety after a village had been cleared of the Viet Cong. At its height, there were 48,000 ROK personnel. 300th Armored Field Artillery Battalion; Korea: PUC (Navy) The research for this After Action Report included OPERATIONAL REPORTS, DAILY STAFF JOURNALS and DUTY OFFICER S LOGS at the Battalion, Brigade and Division levels located in the National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001. When the United States joined in the war, they soon discovered that ground troops were next to useless due to Vietnam's terrain. The tunnel turned again to go along under the surface and became a little wider, but there still wasn’t room enough to turn around. During the six days that 3 Fd Tp spent on Operation CRIMP, the sappers had investigated tunnels for 700m in one direction and another 500m across that line, recovering truckloads of documents and equipment, including photographs of the Viet Cong’s foreign advisors. Army Museum of Western Australia (Fremantle), Australia: WA. Between 1964 and … The tunnel system breached by 3 Fd Tp was later discovered to consist of over 200 kilometers of tunnels in multiple levels, and included living, working and storage areas, forming part of the much larger Củ Chi tunnel complex. During the second Indochina war (known to the Vietnamese as the ‘American war’) they were allied to the South Vietnamese government and refused to aid the Viet Cong, a point not lost to the Communists who redistributed their lands and executed a four of their leaders after taking power. Nor was there an opportunity for a 7-day recovery period between operations. US Army Table of Organization and Equipment Intro to TOE. Intelligence indicated that these bunkers housed the headquarters for the Communist committee that controlled all Viet Cong activity in the Capital Military District and a large complex of tunnels was subsequently uncovered by the battalion. Troop strength in Vietnam peaks and the draft accelerates. Often, you’d find larger ‘rooms’, sections of tunnel that were big enough to crouch or kneel in, but you weren’t to know that when you first set out. Today, visiting the Củ Chi tunnels are rated as one of the top five tourist destination activities in Vietnam, with some estimates placing the number of visitors as high as 1000 tourists per day. Photo: Julian Tennant, Midday prayer service at the Cao Đài Holy See in Tây Ninh. The second was to try and map the tunnel system so that we could work out its extent, and if need be, dig down to a soldier who might be trapped. The clergy is based on the Roman Catholic hierarchy and headed by a ‘pope’. In an ambush on the first day of the operation, a Viet Cong firing position was discovered inside an anthill. A Troop 3/17 Air Cavalry arrived in Vietnam in late November 1967 and set up operations in Di-An. Photo: Julian Tennant, M2 carbine and sewing machine in one of the workshop displays at the Cu Chi Tunnel theme park. I served with 3/22nd, 25th Infantry Division out of Tay Ninh as an infantryman. 5. Captain MacGregor had previously recognised the inadequacies of the American approach and had begun training his engineers to enter and clear tunnels. We had three tasks. During the Vietnam War, ANZUS troops uncovered a great number of enemy tunnels while patrolling or conducting larger operations. There was a straight drop then it doubled back up, like the U-bend under a sink. Note the ear plug in the soldier’s right ear, the throat microphone and the switch in his mouth used to operate the torch strapped to his forehead. This was the preferred sidearm for troops in Vietnam. Profile of D Troop 3/5 Cav 'Charlie Horse' in Vietnam during the time frame of Lam Son 719. Photo: Peter Kelly. These Unit and Division plates appear Front and Rear on vehicles and designate the parent unit of the vehicle. Vietnam Unit Markings Along with the Unit Serial Number that you see that was used to deliver items to the correct unit, vehicles salso carried plates, commonly, incorrectly, described as Tac Plates. A Changing War (1969-1970) November 10, 2011. The troop sailed to Vietnam aboard HMAS Sydney and arrived in Vung Tau on 11 June 1965. Pictures taken between 1968 and 1970 of Alfa Troop, 3rd Squadron, 4th ARrmored Cavalry, 25th Infantry Division. Australian Vietnam veterans were honoured at a "Welcome Home" parade in Sydney on 3 October 1987, and it was then that a campaign for the construction of the Vietnam War Memorial began. Come and see why. Photo: Julian Tennant, Guide demonstrating a tunnel entrance at the Cu Chi Tunnels tourist park. Ground Troop: 197 personnel, 9 M48 tanks, 3 M125 APC with 81mm mortar, 21 M113 APC. The Army Historical Foundation is the designated official fundraising organization for the National Museum of the United States Army. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. SASR Historical Foundation (Swanbourne – Perth), Australia: WA. Photo: Julian Tennant, Cu Chi Tunnel park workers making ‘Ho Chi Minh sandals’ in an open air workshop. VIETNAM WAR MAP: IV CORPS (from Newsweek – January 1, 1968) The sixteen southern provinces in and around the Mekong River delta comprise the richest part of all Vietnam, its rice bowl. And of course, feel free to contact me here, via email or by visiting my Facebook or Instagram pages, Create a website or blog at WordPress.com, American soldiers of the US 28th Infantry’s 1st Battalion scramble for cover as Viet Cong guerrillas open fire from concealed tunnels in an enemy stronghold 25 miles northwest of Saigon, Jan. 9, 1966. This operation marked the first time Allied (US and Australian) forces discovered and explored the VC’s extensive tunnel network. The Viet Cong badge attached to the lighter was found in one of the tunnels when he was participating in Operation CRIMP in January 1966. The troop’s deployment to South Vietnam included responsibility for direct support to the Australian Task Force and American units operating under the US II Field Force Vietnam command. Some of the organised full-day tours include a visit to the Cao Đài Holy See at Tây Ninh, approximately 96km northwest of HCMC as part of their package tour. F Company (LRRP) 50th Infantry - Attached to 3/4 Cav as LRRPs, reflagged to F Co 75th Rangers Feb. 1, 1969. Dedicated to those who were there. Photo: Julian Tennant, Cu Chi Tunnels tourist park. We believe our total number is somewhere around 700. I took this picture during a 2012 visit, so I am not sure if the prices are still current. There were drops, twists and turns, corners around which the whole North Vietnamese Army could be waiting, for all they knew. In the field OSS and TSS combined to form the Regimental A2 Echelon. During the six days that 3 Fd Tp spent on Operation CRIMP, the sappers had investigated tunnels for 700m in one direction and another 500m across that line, recovering truckloads of documents and equipment, including photographs of the Viet Cong’s foreign advisors. Watch with Prime. Here, soldiers are demonstrating a “Tunnel Exploration Kit”, which was developed as a result of the developments made by MacGregor’s soldiers. The American Soldier in VietnamMore than 2.5 million American men served in Vietnam during the war. The tunnels at Bến Dược are smaller attracting fewer visitors than the Bến Đình site which is closer to Ho Chi Minh City and is more popular with the multitude of tour groups offering the Củ Chi ‘experience’. Conflict: Vietnam, 1962-1975: Category: Unit: Conflict: Vietnam, 1962-1975: Unit hierarchy: Australian Army; Royal Australian Engineers; 3 Field Troop; Collection Items Related. Veterans Greg Cullen and Hank Veenhuizen during their service in the Vietnam War. It’s pantheon of deities includes Buddha, Confucius, Jesus Christ, Mohammed, Joan of Arc, Sun Yat Sen and Victor Hugo amongst others. The flap has a large external pocket of green canvas with a plastic button closure. The team was withdrawn from Vietnam and disbanded on 19 Dec 1972. The Vietnam Tunnel Rats are the men who served in the Engineer Field Troops in Vietnam (3 Field Troop and 1, 2 and 3 Troop of 1 Field Squadron, Royal Australian Engineers). The troop was working mainly in the Northern part of the Tay Ninh Province area. Personally, I think that the visitor parks are somewhat over-rated in terms of education or real historical value, but for a visitor with an interest in the military history of Vietnam they are worth visiting, just to check them out. Sappers represented a maximum of 13% of the Australian Army deployment in SVN. The Army rotated soldiers through Vietnam on one-year tours. Defense, 8 March 1965 - 24 December 1965. Photo: Julian Tennant. Australian War Memorial Accession Number: P01595.021. Some of them began passing out in the tunnels due to lack of air. 3 Field Troop (14 September 1965 - 31 March 1966) 1 Field Squadron (1 April 1966 ... 43 members of the RAANC served in Vietnam with 1st Australian Field Hospital and 8th Field Ambulance. 3 Field Troop 14 Sep 65 - 31 Mar 66 ; 1 Field Squadron 1 Apr 66 - 18 Nov 71 ; 21 Engineer Support Troop 1 Apr 66 - 9 Dec 71 ... 43 members of the RAANC served in Vietnam with 1st Australian Field Hospital and 8th Field Ambulance. . This announcement preceded the formation of the Australian Army Training Team Vietnam, which arrived in Saigon on 3 Aug 1962. Photo: Julian Tennant, Tour guide demonstrating one of the booby traps at the Cu Chi Tunnels park. On the final day of the operation, the sappers found a trapdoor which led to a third level in the system, but before they could investigate it further the Americans decided to end the operation and pull out. Plan on being there! . 3/4 Cav Reunion April 2021 in Northern Virginia/Washington D.C. . It led to the military headquarters of the Viet Cong’s Southern Command. Photograph: Alexander ‘Sandy’ MacGregor. This memorial, known as the Vietnam Forces National Memorial , was established on Anzac Parade in Canberra , and was dedicated on 3 October 1992. Visitors are free to enter the balcony section of the temple during these prayers and it is a very colourful spectacle to watch the priests and dignitaries carry out their observances. Sappers from 2 Field Troop, 1 Field Squadron, Royal Australian Engineers (RAE), inspect the wreckage of Bell UH-1 Iroquois helicopter of 9 Squadron RAAF. The start of the year 1971 found A Troop 3/17 Air Cavalry, under the Command of Major David Russell operating out of Quan Loi, Vietnam. ), a marine corps historian, was one of the many American military experts who considered the force the U.S. had in Vietnam in 1967 to have been the best American army ever put into the field. COMBAT AFTER ACTION REPORT, VIETNAM 1969. The Australian War Memorial was voted the number one landmark in Australia by travellers in the 2016 Trip Advisor awards. One estimate of total beer sales throughout Vietnam comes in at just under $4 million a month. But, despite the fact that there was no room to turn they were all dragged back to the surface, usually after we’d blasted more fresh air down to them. NOTE: This summary of Army Tables of Organization and Equipment includes only combat and directly related major support units. An usher takes a nap during the midday prayer service at the Cao Đài Holy See in Tây Ninh. Australian War Memorial Collection Accession Number: BLA/66/0025/VN, Weapons captured by the Australians during Operation CRIMP. Membership is exclusively for men who served with either 3 Field Troop or 1 Troop, 2 Troop or 3 Troop of 1 Field Squadron in Vietnam. Tran Van Bay, Army of the Republic of Vietnam ... 3 Field Troop Royal Australian Engineers, 161st Independent Reconnaissance Flight, and 1st Australian Logistical Support Company served as part of the US 173rd Airborne Brigade in Vietnam. All Cao Dai temples hold religious ceremonies every six hours starting at midnight during which the clergy and lay people perform an elaborate, regimented ritual which includes offerings of incense, tea, alcohol, frui. We were established in 1983 as a member-based, charitable 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Warrant Officer Second Class Jack Cramp (left) of Chester Hill, Sydney, NSW, and Major John Healy of Camberwell, Melbourne, Vic, sort some of the documents before despatching them to headquarters. For the first time, engineers of 3 Field Troop, Royal Australian Engineers (3 Fd Tp RAE), under the command of Captain Alexander (Sandy) MacGregor breached the network recovering large quantities of  weapons, food, equipment and documents. Shrine of Remembrance Galleries (Melbourne), Australia: Vic. The tunnels that had been discovered were lined with explosives and tear gas crystals in an attempt to either destroy or make them uninhabitable. The government claims to control more than 50 percent of the 6.5 million people in the watery region, but in many areas its grip is tenuous. The French Indochina wars form a large part of my interest in Vietnam and the sect was a major player in the south during the French era. For this purpose, it organized the U.S. Army Vietnam (USARV). Those long periods spent underground, often in total darkness, where at times the only ‘light’ was the luminous face of your watch, were my most vivid memories of Viet Nam… Our troop casualty rate was particularly high on that operation with only 12 out of 35 men remaining until the end… of the operation. HQ and HQ Troop: 264 personnel, 10 M113 APCs, 4 M132 Flamethrower Carriers. This site is dedicated to the members of Alpha Troop, 3rd Squadron, 4th Cavalry, 25th Infantry Division who served in Vietnam. Organized in HQ and HQ Troop, three armored cavalry troops, air cavalry troop. Clearance teams from 3 Fd Tp began entering the network but breaching and securing the tunnels was no easy task. The machine gun in the foreground is a Soviet DShk 12.7mm Heavy Machine Gun. Today the Regiment is the only fully regular Regiment within the Royal Australian Armoured Corps (RAAC). please note that this production mentions and shows photos of australian indigenous (first nation peoples) deceased and living soldiers. The 2nd Cavalry Regiment (Reconnaissance) traces its origins to that of the Australian Light Horse in World War 1. 3 Field Troop 14 Sep 65 - 31 Mar 66; 1 Field Squadron 1 Apr 66 - 18 Nov 71; 21 Engineer Support Troop 1 Apr 66 - 9 Dec 71; Det 55 Advanced ... 43 members of the RAANC served in Vietnam with 1st Australian Field Hospital and 8th Field Ambulance. Its doctrine is a fusion of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Christianity and occultism which deified an unusual mix of figures including Joan of Arc, Victor Hugo and Sun Yat Sen. Officially recognised as a religion in 1926, it adopted a clerical organisation structure similar to Roman Catholicism, established its headquarters at Tây Ninh. 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